Prognostic Value of CD56 Expression in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients and Its Related Factors / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the effect of CD56 expression on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients and explore the relationship between CD56 with clinical characteristics.@*METHODS@#In this retrospective study, the clinical data and laboratory parameters of 175 newly diagnosed MM patients from February 2015 to December 2020 in the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University were collected. The patients were divided into CD56+ and CD56- groups based on the expression of CD56, and the general data and laboratory parameters of the two groups were compared. The patients were followed up to June 30, 2021, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded. PFS and OS curves of the two groups were plotted respectively, and the survival differences were compared. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze the effect of CD56 on the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients.@*RESULTS@#In 175 newly diagnosed MM patients, 57(32.6%) cases were in the CD56-group and 118 (67.4%) cases in the CD56+ group. There was significant correlation between CD56 expression and ISS stage, ECOG score, platelets, β2-microglobulin, creatinine, and extramedullary disease (all P <0.05). The incidence of extramedullary disease in the CD56- group was significantly higher than that in the CD56+ group (29.8% vs 12.7%, P =0.006). The median follow-up time of the whole cohort was 23.6 (1.0-78.6) months. The median PFS of patients in CD56+ group and CD56- group were 18.6 (1.2-77.6) and 12.2 (1.0-49.0) months, respectively, and the median OS of the two groups were 27.6 (1.4-77.7) and 19.7 (1.0-78.6) months, respectively. The 2-year PFS rate in the CD56+ group was significantly higher than that in the CD56- group (57.6% vs 36.8%, P =0.010), and the 2-year OS rate in the CD56+ group was higher than that in the CD56- group, but it didn't reach statistical significance (74.6% vs 64.9%, P =0.158). The results of univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the PFS was significantly shorter in newly diagnosed MM patients with advanced age, type IgG, high ECOG score, decreased platelet count, increased lactate dehydrogenase level, extramedullary disease, and CD56- (all P <0.05), the OS was significantly shorter in patients with high ECOG score, decreased platelet count, increased lactate dehydrogenase level, extramedullary disease, and CD56- (all P <0.05). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that advanced age, type IgG, elevated lactate dehydrogenase level, extramedullary disease, and CD56- were independent prognostic factors for poor PFS (all P <0.05); and decreased platelet count, elevated lactate dehydrogenase level, and extramedullary disease were independent adverse prognostic factors for OS (all P <0.05), while there was no significant independent correlation between CD56 and OS (P >0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Most of the newly diagnosed MM patients have positive expression of CD56. Loss of CD56 expression was associated with unfavorable biological and clinical parameters and poor prognosis, suggesting that CD56 has important clinical value in the prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients.

Review on Mechanism of Multi-target Intervention of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Metabolic Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome （MS） includes insulin resistance （IR）， central obesity， chronic low-grade inflammation， oxidative stress， endoplasmic reticulum stress， elevated free fatty acid levels， intestinal flora imbalance， renin angiotensin system abnormality， and autophagy activity deficiency， etc. Most researchers believe that IR plays a central role in the pathogenesis of MS， and abdominal obesity is an important initial factor of MS. According to the incidence and clinical characteristics， MS is classified as "obesity" "pidan" " abdominal fullness " and other diseases. It is said that the pathogenesis of MS is related to the deficiency of spleen and kidney， the formation of phlegm， turbidity， blood stasis and other pathological products， which damage the body's functions of qi， blood， yin and yang. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has unique advantages in treating MS based on the holistic view and syndrome differentiation concept. It has multi-level， multi-target and multi-channel treatment characteristics. It can intervene insulin signal transduction， regulate adipocyte factor secretion level， relieve oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress response， regulate intestinal flora and renin angiotensin system， reduce free fatty acid level and regulation Autophagy and other ways to improve chronic low-grade inflammation and IR status， and then comprehensive prevention and treatment of MS and its complications. However， the following problems still exist：lack of high-quality randomized controlled clinical research and large sample real-world research， clinical unified diagnosis and treatment standard has not yet formed， lack of genetic animal model in basic research， relatively single signal pathway and target of experimental research， and difficulty in timely formation of clinical transformation of scientific research achievements. Therefore， we should make full use of modern scientific and technological means to carry out systematic and standardized multicenter， large sample， high-quality randomized controlled trials or real-world research， we should prepare perfect animal models， focus on the crosstalk relationship between multiple related cell signaling pathways， and actively explore the potential relationship between signaling pathways and prescription compatibility， so as to actively promote basic scientific research achievements Clinical practice may be the key research direction in the prevention and treatment of MS in TCM.

Effect of Huanglian Wendantang in Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a pathological condition characterized by central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. With the increase of poor dietary habits and lifestyles in modern society, especially the poor living habits of sedentariness and less movement, the prevalence of MS has increased year by year. According to relevant data, the number of MS patients worldwide will reach about 2.568 billion by 2040, which will seriously endanger human life and health. Huanglian Wendantang, as a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription for clearing away heat and drying dampness, regulating Qi and resolving phlegm, and benefiting the stomach and gall, has been proved to have significant pharmacological effects in lowering blood fat, reducing blood sugar and resisting inflammation by modern pharmacological studies, and widely used in the treatment of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases and other systemic diseases. In recent years, a large number of studies have proved that Huanglian Wendantang has a significant effect on MS. In terms of clinical efficacy, it could significantly improve the pathological state of obesity, dyslipidemia, abnormal glucose metabolism and hypertension in MS patients. Meanwhile, it could also interfere with the inflammatory state, prethrombotic state, abnormal vascular regulation and other potential risk factors in the body, with a high safety and fewer side effects. In terms of experimental study, it could enhance the insulin sensitivity, and improve the insulin resistance of MS animal models and cell models through interventions in insulin signal transduction, inflammatory response, and antioxidant stress. By retrieving PubMed, CNKI, Weipu, Wanfang and other databases, the author summarized the study reports of Huanglian Wendantang on MS in recent years in three aspects: theoretical study, clinical efficacy study and experimental mechanism study, in the expectation of provide some scientific references for in-depth study of the mechanism of Huanglian Wendantang in treating MS and the development and clinical promotion of the prescription.

A new lignan from rhizome of Stellera chamaejasme / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the chemical compounds from the rhizome of Stellera chamaejasme, nine lignans, including stellerachamin A (1), 8-hydroxypluviatolide (2), wikstromol (3), pinoresinol (4), matairesinol (5), dextrobursehernin (6), hinokinin(7), (-)-glaberide I (8) and （-） medioresinol (9) were isolated by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were extensively determined on basis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data analysis. Among them, compound 1 was a new lignan, and compounds 2 and 7 were isolated from Thymelaeaceae for the first time.

Quantification of Imipenem and Meropenem in Human Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and Its Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To develop a sensitive and specific ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS /MS) method for simultaneous determination of imipenem and meropenem in human plasma to monitor therapeutic drug concentration. METHODS: The plasma samples were extracted with dichloromethane after precipitated protein by acetonitrile. And then, the analytes were gradient eluted on a UPLC® BEH-C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) by UPLC-MS /MS with positive ionization. Ions monitored in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode were m/z 300.0→171.0 for imipenem, 384.0→141.0 for meropenem and 390.1→147.0 for meropenem-d6 (internal standard), respectively. RESULTS: Calibration plots were established over the concentration range of 0.39 - 50 μg•mL-1 of imipenem and meropenem, with the lowest detection limit of 0.39 μg•mL-1 using 2 μL sample volumn. Determination of control samples of imipenem and meropenem in plasma validated the LC-MS /MS method. Accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect, intra-assay and inter-assay precision all met the requirements. CONCLUSION: This novel method of imipenem and meropenem determination by LC-MS /MS is proven to be a robust protocol that is consistent and reproducible.

The Development of New Drug Targeting Hepcidin / 中国药学杂志

Iron is one of the essential trace elements in the human body, the body adjusts its own iron content to maintain iron balance. Iron imbalance, either iron deficiency or over load can cause variety of diseases. As a small molecule peptide hormones, hepcidin negatively regulates iron metabolism. It has become a new therapeutic target for iron disorder diseases. The structure of hepcidin, its regulation mechanism of iron metabolism, the regulatory mechanism of hepcidin in the body, and related diseases caused by hepcidin imbalance were reviewed. This article also reviewed the types and advances of new drugs targeting hepcidin. Due to the continuous research on hepcidin, a specific targeted therapy for specific molecules in the hepcidin signaling pathway has been gradually developed. Through hepcidin activator or antagonist, it can promote or inhibit the expression of hepcidin, thereby improving or treating disorders related to iron metabolism disorders at the molecular level. Hepcidin itself, hepcidin activator represented by small chemical compounds and siRNA, and hepcidin antagonist represented by heparin derivatives are hopeful new drugs to correct disorders related to iron homeostasis.

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Plus ¹³¹I-Labelled Metuximab versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Alone in Intermediate/Advanced Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus ¹³¹I-labelled metuximab with TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database with published date from the earliest to February 29th, 2016. No language restrictions were applied, but only prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or non-RCTs were eligible for a full-text review. The primary outcome was the overall survival (OS) and effective rate (the rate of partial atrophy or complete clearance of the tumor lesion). The odds ratios (ORs) were combined using either the fixed-effects model or random-effects model. RESULTS: Eight trials (3 RCTs and 5 non-RCTs) were included, involving a total of 1121 patients. Patients receiving combined therapy of TACE plus ¹³¹I-labelled metuximab showed significant improvement in effective rate {OR = 4.00, (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.40–6.66), p < 0.001}, 1-year OS (OR = 2.03 [95% CI: 1.55–2.67], p < 0.001) and 2-year OS (OR = 2.57 [95% CI: 1.41–4.66], p = 0.002]. CONCLUSION: TACE plus ¹³¹I-labelled metuximab is more beneficial for treating advanced HCCs than TACE alone in terms of tumor response and OS. Large, multi-center, and blinded randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.

Expression of MicroRNA-148/152 Family in the Hematological Malignancies / 中国实验血液学杂志

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules containing 18-22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression through imperfect interactions with sequences in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target genes. Members of the microRNA-148/152 (miR-148/152) family, which include microRNA-148a (miR-148a), microRNA-148b (miR-148b) and microRNA-152 (miR-152), are of great importance in the development of some tumor diseases. Several studies have demonstrated that members of the miR-148/152 family were expressed differently in many kinds of malignancies, and they play a variety of biological functions, such as regulating tumor growth, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and sensitivity to drugs through regulating the expression of target genes. The miR-148/152 family is regulated by methylation of their CPG islands, which reduce the expression of miR-148/152 family members. Interaction has been observed between DNA methylation and miR-148/152 family members through their target gene: DNMT1/3b, an important gene for DNA methylation. So expressions of DNMT1/3b are inversely restricted to the expression level of miR-148a/152. This might result in overexpression of DNMT1/3b, promoting DNA methylation. And then, more DNMT1/3b can be expressed. A novel miR-148a/152-DNMT1/3b regulatory circuit might exist in tumors. Epigenetic abnormalities, especially high methylation of promoter play an important role in occurrence and development of hematological malignancies. Demethylation treatment has become another important way for the treatment. This article summarizes the expression of miR-148/152 family in hematological malignancies, aiming at expounding the signicance of relationship between DNA methylation modification and microRNA.

Expression and significance of toll-like receptors 7 and 8 in brain and lung tissues of death cases caused by EV71 infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the significance of toll-like receptors (TLR) -7 and -8 in the pathogenesis of infection caused by Enterovirus type 71 (EV71) through measuring the expression of TLR7 and TLR8 in brain and lung tissues from the death cases caused by EV71 infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine children who died of EV71 infection (EV71 group) were selected as study subjects, and 7 children who died of accidents or non-infectious diseases were used as the control group. Brain and lung tissues from the death cases in both groups at autopsy were collected, and immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of TLR7 and TLR8 in lung and brain tissues in both groups. Integrated optical density (IOD) was applied for semi-quantitative analysis of the expression of TLR7 and TLR8.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of TLR7 and TLR8 in lung and brain tissues was strongly positive in the EV71 group, and the IOD values in the EV71 group were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of TLR7 and TLR8 between lung and brain tissues in the EV71 group (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TLR7 and TLR8 are highly expressed in lung and brain tissues from the patients who die of severe EV71 infection, suggesting that TLR7 and TLR8 may be involved in the pathogenesis of brain and lung damages caused by severe EV71 infection.</p>

Etiology analysis of upper airway obstruction in 54 newborn infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the etiology of neonatal upper airway obstruction(UAO) in order to perform early diagnosis and treatment,and to improve the prognosis.Methods Retrospectively analysis of the clinical data of 54 cases of neonatal UAO in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from Jan.2005 to Dec.2011 was performed.All patients received CT three dimensional reconstruction reconstruction,30 patients received the direct laryngoscopy,5 cases received the video laryngoscope,8 cases received pathological examination.All the cases received the determination of serum total calcium and ionized calcium,6 cases received upper gastrointestinal imaging,8 cases received chromosome inspection and 20 cases received echocardiography.Results CT scan:abnormal in 21 cases,among them 15 cases of congenital cyst,5 cases of tongue fall blocking airway,and 1 case of choanal atresia(bilateral) ;another 33 patients were normal.Direct laryngoscopy results:abnormal in 13 cases,among them 12 cases of congenital cyst,and 1 case of glossoptosis;another 17 cases were normal.Electronic laryngoscopy results:5 cases were diagnosed as congenital laryngomalacia.Pathological examination results:7 cases of cyst wall by squamous epithelium composition,and 1 case of cyst wall by columnar epithelium composition.Serum total calcium and ion calcium level results:all patients were in the normal range.Chromosome examination results were normal.Upper gastrointestinal imaging results:1 normal case,5 cases of mild gastroesophageal reflux.Echocardiography results:4 cases were normal,10 cases of patent foramen ovale,2 cases of patent ductus arteriosus,4 cases of congenital heart disease (2 cases of atrial septum defect,1 case of ventricular septal defect,and 1 case of interatrial septum merger ventricular septal defect).Conclusions In the etiology of neonatal UAO,there is a lot of organic diseases except for congenital laryngomalacia.For the UAO induced by laryngeal stridor or undefinitely cause,CT scan should be taken as soon as possible.

Application of Ligasure vessel sealing system in haemorrhoidectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical value of Ligasure vessel sealing system (LVSS) in haemorrhoidectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 2002 to November 2003, clinical data of 36 cases undergoing haemorrhoidectomy with LVSS were compared with those of 30 cases undergoing traditional operation,considering visual analogue scale(VAS), hospital time,operation time,hospital expenses,postoperative complication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in hospital expenses,postoperative complications between the two groups,but the postoperative pain scores of Ligasure haemorrhoidectomy was better than that of traditional operation. The hospital stay and operation time of Ligasure haemorrhoidectomy were shorter than those of the traditional operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ligasure vessel sealing system has more advantages such as less pain, safety, facility to perform, and a shorter operation time.</p>

Effect of diode laser coagulation treatment on grade III internal hemorrhoids / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the curative effects of diode laser coagulation on grade III internal hemorrhoids.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2004 to December 2004, 86 patients with grade III internal hemorrhoids were divided into two groups, received laser coagulation (laser group, n=46) or received hemorrhoidectomy (control group, n=40). Complications, symptom relief, pain scores and satisfaction scores were compared between the two groups six months after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pain scores were lower in laser group than that of the control group on the first day and seventh day after operation. Small amount of bleeding occurred in the laser group (12 cases) and control group (35 cases), however, non of them required special hemostasis. Laser coagulation and closed hemorrhoidectomy were equally effective in controlling symptomatic prolapse. There was no difference in terms of continence scores and patients satisfaction between the two groups (P> 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Diode laser coagulation can be considered as a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of grade III hemorrhoids.</p>